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Indeks skrótów
AG
Arabian Gulf
AGO
Atmospheric gasoil
ALG
Algerian
Alkylate
A gasoline blending component composed of isobutane and propylene or butylene.
Aniline point
Reports the aromatics content of a mixture.
ANS
Alaska North Slope
API
American Petroleum Institute
API gravity
An arbitrary scale expressing the gravity or density of liquid petroleum products devised jointly by the American Petroleum Institute and the National Bureau of Standards. The measuring scale is calibrated in terms of degrees API. Oil with the least specific gravity has the highest API gravity. The formula for determining API Gravity is as follows: Degrees API Gravity= (141.5/Specific Gravity at 60 Deg. F) – 131.5
ARA
Amsterdam - Rotterdam - Antwerp
Aromatics
Group of petrochemicals characterized by a ring structure, they are produced in refinery reformers and petrochemical plants. The most commonly traded are benzene, toluene and xylenes. They are used for chemical production or as high-octane components for gasoline blending.
ASPH
Asphaltene
Asphalt
A mixture of bitumen and mineral aggregate as prepared for the construction of roads or in other paving uses. in the US it refers to the product that is known as bitumen in the rest of the world.
ATL
Atlantic
AUD
Australian dollar
Avails
Availabilities
Avgas
High octane aviation gasoline used in piston type aircraft engines.
Backwardation
Market situation where prices are highest in the nearest date periods and are lower in forward delivery dates.
Barge
A vessel carrying oil usually on rivers - containing between 8,000 to 50,000 bbl or weighing 1,000 to 10,000mt. In the US, barges can be up to 100,000 bbl, and some are even a bit larger.
Barrel
A volumetric unit of measure for crude oil and petroleum products. 1 barrel equals 42 US gallons, 35 imperial gallons or 159 liters.
Bill of Lading
Documentation associated with a specific cargo of oil and is signed by the captain of the ship and the contract supplier.
Blendstock
A component combined with other materials to produce a finished refined product.
BPAP / ANSI
BP Agreed Prices for propane and butane published in Argus International LPG. Since 1 November 2006 renamed to ANSI, standing for the Argus North Sea LPG index (fob).
BS&W
Bottom sediment and water, usually expressed as a percentage by weight.
BTU
British Thermal Unit
BTX
Benzene, toluene and xylene.
BTX extraction
The process for removing benzene, toluene and xylene from reformate or pyrolysis asoline.
Bunker C
A residual fuel used as ship's fuel, usually has a high sulfur content and high viscosity.
Catfeed
Feedstock to a catalytic cracker, usually vacuum gasoil.
Cat gasoline
(cat naphtha) A gasoline blending component made in a cat cracker.
CD
Canadian dollar
Cetane
A paraffinic hydrocarbon used hydrocarbon used as an additive in diesel fuel.
Cetane Number
Number equal to the percentage by volume of cetane added to basic diesel fuel to achieve specific ignition performance characteristics.
C+F
Cost and Freight
CFD
Contract For Differences. A type of crude oil swap.
CFPP
Cold filter plugging point
CIF
Cost, insurance and freight charges for shipping products. CIF prices include these charges.
Cloud Point
The temperature at which a fuel, when cooled, begins to congeal and take on a cloudy appearance due to bonding of paraffins.
CNR
Charterer not revealed
COA
Contract of affreightment between ship owner and charterer.
Contango
Market situation where prices are progressively higher for forward delivery dates than for nearer delivery dates.
Cracked
Molecules broken by certain refining processes...the opposite of straight-run.
Cracked fuel
Residue remaining after a straight run fuel has been processed by enhanced refining methods such as catalytic cracking.
Credit
Terms of payment, i.e. 5, 10 days.
CST
Centistokes - A way of measuring viscosity similar to seconds.
CT
Cent
CTS
Cents
CUM
Cubic meters
Demurrage
The detention of a vessel in loading or unloading beyond the time agreed upon. Demurrage charges are usually incurred for any delay.
DERD
Directorate of Engine Research and Development. It is a UK Ministry of Defense jet fuel specification.
Diesel Index
A measure of the ignition quality of a diesel fuel calculated from a formula involving the gravity of the fuel and its aniline point.
Diff
Differential, usually between two prices.
DM
Deutschemark
Dtd
Dated
Eff
Effective.
E-4
C.I.S. high sulfur straight-run feedstock. Formerly called F-10.
EFP
Exchange of futures for physicals.
FCCU
Fluid catalytic cracking unit.
Feedstock
Material used in a processing plant.
FCC
First class charterer
FCC
Fluid catalytic cracker or cat unit.
FFR
French franc
Flash Point
The lowest temperature under very specific conditions at which a combustible liquid will give off sufficient vapor to form a flammable mixture with air in a standardized vessel. Assesses the volatility of the product.
FOB
Free on board. fob prices exclude all, insurance and freight charge
FOD
Fuel Oil Domestique
FOR
Free on rail
FORTIES
The first substantial oil field in the British sector of the North Sea.
FOT
Free on truck
FR
France
FR. ATL.
French Atlantic
GAL
gallon
Gasoil
An intermediate distillate product used for diesel fuel, heating fuel and sometimes as feedstock. Term is often used interchangeably with No. 2 heating oil.
GBP
Pound sterling
CARIBS
Caribbean
G/L
Grams per liter
GOM or G.M.
Gasoil Moteur -- French gasoil spec.
Group 3
Formerly three railroad companies in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Group 3 now refers to the pipeline price of petroleum commodities from Tulsa to Minnesota.
Group 120
South Texas reporting group. In December 1982, this group stopped reporting and was replaced the following year by Group 140.
Group 140
Conway, Kansas group of propane producers, replaced Group 120 in January 1983.
HDA
Hydrodealkylation, a process used for making benzene from toluene.
Heavy crude oil
Has API gravity lower than 28 degrees. The lower the API gravity, the heavier the oil.
HKD
Hong Kong dollar
HLS
Heavy Louisiana Sweet
HO
Heating oil
H/P
High pour
HS
High sulfur
HSFO
High sulfur fuel oil
IOC
Indian Oil Corp.
ICE
Intercontinental Exchange; previously IPE - International Petroleum Exchange
Isomerate
A gasoline blendstock made in an isomerization unit
ITT
In-tank transfer
Kero
Kerosene
KT
one thousand metric tons.
L.A.
Los Angeles
Landed Cost (of oil)
The cost of oil off-loaded at a port. Similar to CIF, but would also include any duties fees or taxes.
Lifting
Tankers and barges loading petroleum at a terminal or transfer point.
Light crude oil
Has an API gravity higher than 33 degrees. The higher the API gravity, the lighter the crude oil.
Light products, light ends
The group of petroleum products with lower boiling temperatures including gasolines and distillate fuels.
LLS
Light Louisiana Sweet
LNG
Liquefied natural gas
L/P
Low pour
LPG
Liquefied petroleum gases such as propane and butane produced at refineries or natural gas processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw natural gas plant liquids.
LS
Low sulfur
LSFO
Low sulfur fuel oil
LSWR
Low sulfur waxy residual fuel oil
LVN
Light virgin naphtha
Med
Mediterranean
Metric Ton
A standard measurement: averages 7.33 barrels of crude oil.
Midgrade unleaded
Unleaded gasoline with a 89 R+M/2 octane rating.
MOGAS
Abbreviation for motor gasoline
MON
Motor Octane Number
MT
Metric ton
MTBE
Methyl tertiary butyl ether -- an octane booster and oxygenate used for gasoline blending.
MTH
Month
MYR
Malaysian ringgit
Naphtha
Straight-run gasoline fractions. Used as a feedstock for reforming and as a petrochemical feedstock.
N+A
Naphthenes and aromatics
N/A
Not applicable
Naphthenic
A high naphthenes content
Naphthenic naphtha
Usually favored as reformer feedstock.
NGL
Natural gas liquids. Includes ethane, propane, butane and condensate.
NOR
Notice of readiness
NPH
Naphtha
NSea
North Sea
NWE
Northwest Europe
NYMEX
New York Mercantile Exchange
Octane number
A measure of the detonation quality of gasoline. The higher the octane number, the higher the resistance to engine knock.
Olefins
A group of petrochemicals characterized by their straight or branched structure. Includes ethylene, the largest volume petrochemical, and propylene and butadiene.
Out-turn
Quantity of oil unloaded from vessel at discharge point.
Oxygenate
Oxygen-containing blend stocks favored for their octane and their clean burning quality. Includes MTBE and ethanol.
PADD
Petroleum Allocation for Defense District. A group of five geographic areas in the US used in reference to petroleum distribution.
Paraffinic
A high paraffins content
Paraffinic naphtha
Usually favored quality of naphtha for ethylene plant feedstock.
P/C
Part-cargo
PCT
Percent
Petrochemicals
Chemicals derived from petroleum; feedstocks for the manufacture of plastics and synthetic rubber. Petrochemicals include benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, and methanol.
PG
Persian Gulf (Same as Arab Gulf--AG)
Polymers
Made from monomers. The most common include widely traded plastics like polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene.
PONA
Paraffins, olefins, naphthenes and aromatics content.
Posted Price
A statement of the price requested by a seller of crude oil or products. The "list price."
Pour Point
Lowest temperature which oil will readily flow without disturbance when chilled.
PPM
Parts per million
PPT
Prompt
Prem
Premium
Pygas
Pyrolysis gasoline. A naphtha-range product with a high aromatics content used either for gasoline blending or as a feedstock for a BTX extraction unit. Pygas is produced in an ethylene plant that processes butane, naphtha or gasoil.
Rack Pricing
Selling to petroleum jobbers or other resellers FOB at the refinery, with the customer picking up transportation charges. The price of petroleum products at the refinery loading rack; cash and carry at the refinery's loading dock.
Reformate
A high-aromatics, high-octane product made in a reformer and used to blend motor gasoline or aviation gasoline.
Reg
Regular gasoline. Usually contains lead.
Reg Unl
Regular unleaded gasoline.
Resids
Residual fuel oils
R+M/2
Research Octane Number plus Motor Octane Number divided by 2. A gasoline octane designation commonly used in the US
RNR
Rate not revealed
RON
Research octane number
RSFO
Regular sulfur fuel oil
RVP
Reid vapor pressure, a measure of a gasoline's volatility.
SFR
Swiss Franc
SG
Specific gravity
SGD
Singapore dollar
Simex
Singapore Monetary Exchange
Sour/Sweet Crude
Definitions which describes the degree of a given crude's sulfur content. Sour refers to high sulfur and sweet to low-sulfur.
SPR
Strategic Petroleum Reserve in the US
Steam cracker
(Ethylene plant) A petrochemical plant that produces olefins, particularly ethylene, and, in some cases, aromatics.
Straight-Run
Material which has come straight from an atmospheric distillation unit and has not been cracked or reformed, and which is usually used as a feedstock or as a utility fuel.
TC
Time charter
UKC
UK Continent
ULCC
Ultra large crude carrier; has capacity for 320,000 to 600,000 dwt.
UNL
Unleaded.
USAC
US Atlantic Coast
USD
US dollar
USG
United States Gulf
USWC
US West Coast
Vanadium
Metal present in certain types of fuel
VGO
Vacuum gasoil, also known as cat feed. Feedstock for fluid catalytic cracker used to make gasoline, No.2 oil and other byproducts.
VIS or VISC
Viscosity. A measure of a liquid's resistance to flow. Several viscosity scales are used depending on the type of oil being measured.
VLCC
Very large crude carrier; has capacity for 200,000 to 320,000 dwt.
WTI
West Texas Intermediate. The WTI spot price of crude is reported from Cushing, Oklahoma.
WTS
West Texas Sour
WYO SWT
Wyoming Sweet